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Mar 25 05 7:12 PM
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, March 2005 15;45(6): pages 910-914.
Wolk R, Shamsuzzaman AS, Svatikova A, Huyber CM, Huck C, Narkiewicz K, Somers VK. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute hemodynamic and autonomic effects of smokeless tobacco.
BACKGROUND: Smokeless tobacco use is increasing. Its cardiovascular effects are not well understood.
METHODS: Sixteen healthy, male, habitual snuff tobacco users (aged 22 1 year) were studied, using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design with two separate experimental sessions: placebo and tobacco. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), electrocardiogram, blood pressure, calf blood flow, nicotine, and catecholamines were measured.
RESULTS: Snuff tobacco increased plasma nicotine from 2.8 0.5 ng/ml to 10.4 1.1 ng/ml. Mean blood pressure increased by 10 1 mm Hg, and heart rate increased by 16.2 beats/min. Peripheral vascular resistance, MSNA, and norepinephrine concentration did not change with tobacco, but epinephrine increased by approximately 50%.
CONCLUSIONS: Oral snuff tobacco increases heart rate, blood pressure, and epinephrine. Despite the increase in blood pressure, there is no decrease in either MSNA or peripheral vascular resistance. Smokeless tobacco is a powerful autonomic and hemodynamic stimulus. Catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla likely contributes to this response. PMID: 15766828 [PubMed - in process]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g...t&list_uids=15766828
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